Extrajudicial Adverse Possession and Property Area Rectification

Extrajudicial adverse possession enables property title regularization, and area rectification adjusts measurements on the record sheet directly before the Real Estate Registry.

Última atualização:

Por Equipe Editorial do 5º Tabelionato de Notas do Recife — Redação jurídica notarial assistida por IA · 5º Tabelionato de Notas de Recife

Context note: This content describes Brazilian notary and public registry law.

This article answers

  • What is extrajudicial adverse possession and property area rectification?
  • What are the steps and documents required to file for extrajudicial adverse possession?
  • How to proceed with the rectification of an urban or rural area with georeferencing before the Real Estate Registry?
  • What are the costs and timelines for the procedure in the Real Estate Registry?
  • What to do when adjacent property owners do not sign the consent?

In summary

  • Extrajudicial adverse possession enables property title regularization directly at the registry service without requiring a judicial lawsuit.
  • Property area rectification corrects discrepancies between the physical reality of the land and its description in the property record sheet (matrícula).
  • The notarial act (ata notarial) drawn up at the notary notes office (tabelionato de notas) is an essential document to attest to the duration of possession in adverse possession.
  • The boundary survey map (planta) and descriptive summary (memorial descritivo) signed by a qualified professional instruct both procedures before the Real Estate Registrar (Oficial de Registro de Imóveis) (Lei nº 6.015/1973, art. 216-A).

FAQ

What is extrajudicial adverse possession and property area rectification?

Extrajudicial adverse possession is the administrative means of acquiring ownership based on prolonged possession, while property area rectification seeks to align the registry record with the actual physical dimensions of the property. Both procedures are processed before the competent real estate registrar.

What are the steps and documents required to file for extrajudicial adverse possession?

The procedure requires drafting a notarial act at the notary notes office, preparing a survey map and descriptive summary, obtaining court clearance certificates, and submitting a formal petition signed by an attorney to the real estate registry. The registrar notifies neighboring owners and public entities prior to final qualification.

How to proceed with the rectification of an urban or rural area with georeferencing before the Real Estate Registry?

To rectify the area, a licensed professional must be retained to perform georeferenced survey measurements with a technical responsibility annotation. Neighboring owners must sign boundary consent forms, and the petition is filed directly with the competent real estate registry office.

Base legal

  • provimento_cnj 149 2023 — Provimento CNJ nº 149/2023
  • codigo 10.406 2002 — Lei nº 10.406/2002 — Código Civil
  • lei_federal 8.935 1994 — Lei nº 8.935/1994
  • lei_federal 14.382 2022 — Lei nº 14.382/2022
  • lei_federal 6.015 1973 — Lei nº 6.015/1973
  • lei_federal 8.935 1994 — Lei nº 8.935/1994

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